A bonsai is essentially a tree encouraged to conform in all respects with an ordinary tree, except for its miniature size. Natural dwarf trees are not bonsai, unless trained to look like a large natural tree in shape and restricted to a size smaller than their own maximum potential. A bonsai and its container must together present a satisfactory, well-balanced and aesthetic unity.

Meritorious
A strong, well-shaped trunk tapering upwards, merging naturally with the growing medium. Surface roots fanning out from the base of the trunk and gradually disappearing into the soil. Well-proportioned head of branches well-spaced and set on the trunk and without scars or marks of training. A tree looking as natural as possible in its surroundings. Flowers, fruit and foliage in proportion to the size of tree.

Pots, preferably in monochrome glaze, in proportion to the tree. Polychrome pots are permissible but are best used for non-flowering and non-fruiting specimens. Tree so placed in pot as to create a visual balance. Trees planted well raised in the pot, so that the bole can be clearly seen over the rim of the pot when viewed at eye level.

Defective
Weak, badly shaped trunks or those which look like sticks or branches stuck in the ground. Badly spaced, cut, scarred or crossed branches. Noticeably artificial training; uncharacteristic growth for species. Snagged or abruptly cut roots visible above the soil or dead fibrous roots standing in the air. Trees out of balance.

Flowers fruit or foliage out of proportion to the size of the tree. Soil surface and bole of trunk sunk well below the rim of the pot. Unnecessary additional decoration.

Extract from the Royal Horticulural Society’s Rules on Judging

© Bonsai Kai – Last updated on 9 February, 2007